The Problem With Government Issued Foreign Aid - 1844 Words

The Problem with Government Issued Foreign Aid It is widely held that the United States should give money to aid third world countries living in poverty because helping the less fortunate is a strong value in American culture. The U.S. has an interest in helping third world countries escape poverty and elevating them so they may contribute to the growing world-state. Therefore, America believes that sending a big fat check to the governments of these impoverished nations is the best way to help. However, all this gifted money does is create increased third world poverty by feeding corrupt governments and diminishing economic growth. This argument has been in the back of a lot of American’s mind for a while now, and people normally want one of three things. They want to decrease foreign aid, or they want to keep foreign aid the exact same, or they want to spend the same amount of money but distribute it different ways. The last viewpoint is what I want to focus on. Foreign aid needs to be changed into a more productive way for these developing countries to get out of poverty without corrupting their government or hurting their economic growth. Government issued foreign aid first started after the end of World War II when Secretary of State George Marshall sent money to European countries in order to help them rebuild. This assistance helped to strengthen European economies and also stabilize their countries. Then in 1961, President Kennedy signed the Foreign AssistanceShow MoreRelatedLack Of Funding For Education819 Words   |  4 Pagesschooling. User fees may be an important source of funding for individual schools. If school fees are eliminated but government budget allocations to schools are not increased, schools might not be able to make up for the reduced funding. Reduced funding can lead to a reduction in education quality. Africa’s debt from loan interest is crippling the continent’s economies, because government revenues go toward paying off those debts (Heidhues and Obare, 2011). This takes funds away from education initiativesRead MoreDeveloping Countries Supporting Afghanistan As A Developing Country1442 Words   |  6 Pagesdeveloping country; the country has faced troubles and difficulties soon after its independence. They have had problems in the development of constitutions and regulations. The selection of leader was an issue and one of the major tasks was to prepare military for the defence as well as the protection of the state. In order to resolve all these issues, finance was the significant need. Despite problems the country is upgrading slowly and gradually. There are numerous countries supporting Afghanistan in termsRead MoreAfghanistan Is A Developing Country1468 Words   |  6 Pagesall these issues, finance was the significant need. Despite several problems, the country is upgrading slowly and gradually. Numerous countries supported Afghanistan in terms of finance and monetary forms, but the support provided by International Monetary Fund is significant. International Monetary Fund along with World Bank is serving Afghanistan since its partition and they both have lent a huge sum of finance to the government so that they can continue with the progress and prosperity of the stateRead MoreThe Effect of War and Peace on Foreign Aid Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effect of War and Peace on Foreign Aid Dr. Toi Dennis Elaine Stewart SOC 300: Sociology of Developing Countries May 4, 2014 Introduction Afghanistan is a developing country; the country faced many difficulties soon after its independence. They faced difficulties in the development of their constitution and regulations. The selection of a leader was an issue and the first major task was to prepare a military for theRead MoreThe Issue of Illegal Immigration in the US1087 Words   |  5 Pagesthat there is a problem with illegal immigration. Everyday many illegal immigrants cross the borders. There are between twelve and twenty million illegal immigrants in America. (â€Å"Scary Immigration Statistics† 1) The U.S. should make all illegal immigrants register or deport them to their original countries. The U.S. should also make a program so that the immigrants can get a license for legality. If the immigrants do not want to cooperate, then they cannot be in America. The government spends billionsRead MoreThe Civil War And Reconstruction1357 Words   |  6 Pagesreligion, race, and government. President And rew Johnson,who succeeded President Abraham Lincoln enacted various policies in order to unite the country. These policies included friendly policies that pardoned Southerners while also restoring democracy. The reconstruction brought the necessary reparations for the United States needed to properly become a world power. The reconstruction shows its importance by properly moving the US from war and back into democratic government. Spanish-AmericanRead MoreForeign Policy Is Shaped Based On The Best Interests Of The Country1600 Words   |  7 PagesForeign policy is shaped based on the best interests of the country. When establishing foreign policies, the focus will be on advancing the goals of the nation. Foreign policy guides how America conducts business as well as develops political, and social relations with other countries. National interests covers a wide array of topics from trade, to economics, to terrorism. When America was first established, the only goals was to prevent European dominance. Once Europe was prevented from colonizingRead MoreBritish Colonialism and Zimbawe, a History1189 Words   |  5 Pagesand the Ndebele, the primary ethnic groups of Zimbabwe, both adopted and rejected Protestant Christianity as a form of opposing foreign hegemony. By primarily confronting males and conscripting them to labor, the British exalted the significance of males in relation to Shona and Ndebele social str uctures, which continues to resonate in black nationalism and in the HIV/AIDS crisis. In a gradual British-enforced concession of white minority rule to popular sovereignty, the predominantly Shona ZimbabweRead MoreThe Truman Doctrine Was A United States Foreign Policy1574 Words   |  7 PagesThe Truman Doctrine was a United States foreign policy established by President Harry S. Truman (1945-1953) in 1947. The policy stated that the US would provide military and financial support to Greece and Turkey to prevent them from falling to communism. This started a policy of â€Å"containment† which would persist for many years to come. After World War II left most of the world devastated, the US and the Soviet Union emerged as the two global superpowers and despite being allies during the war, theRead MorePower Of The President And Congress1303 Words   |  6 Pagesa president affects foreign policy. The President has the highest power to decide how to manage, control, and to so lve problems. The president and Congress play important roles in running the country regarding foreign policy making. Foreign policy is very significant because it provides peace between countries without going to war. In order to develop the nation’s economy and increase job opportunities, effective foreign policies help to acquire more investments from foreign investors, and it also

3d Printing And Its Effects On The World Of Manufacturing

What if there was a machine that could make anything, in any combination of materials with infinite complexity, enabling users to manufacture goods instantly at home? There would no longer be a need to go to a store or order a product online, saving people time and money. Fortunately, this technology was invented 33 years ago and is known as 3D printing (Reichental). It is a reality today to create, 3D scan, or download 3D blueprints for any physical object and manufacture them affordably in the home. With such technology, it is possible for anyone to produce high quality products without having to buy them. This revolutionary technology is proving to be a game changer in the world of manufacturing, but it is causing many to question the ethics of hyper-localized manufacturing and the ability for anyone to make anything. 3D printers are generating controversy surrounding the ownership of designs, copyright laws, patent infringement, democratized counterfeiting, and illegal possession . 3D printing is ushering in a new industrial age, but is challenging the current US patent system and compromising intellectual property rights, requiring reform to support next generation design and manufacturing systems. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing is the process of making three dimensional objects by depositing a material layer by layer. It was invented by Chuck Hull in 1983 and was called Stereolithography because of the layer by layer production processShow MoreRelatedDigital Printing And Its Effect On The Future Of Our Society770 Words   |  4 PagesThree dimensional (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is taking the world by storm and is said to be â€Å"the next big thing†, the next revolution, or as big as the Internet. President Barack Obama stated in his 2013 State of the Union address that 3D printing has the potential to revolutionize the way we make almost anything (Gross, 2013). However, will 3D printing have a positiv e effect on the future of our society looking at the effects on the manufacturing businesses, healthcareRead MoreLarger than a Paper Jam: The Future of 3D Printing1375 Words   |  6 Pagescan all be made with a 3D printer (Heritage). Modern three-dimensional printing, more commonly called 3D printing, can be traced back to Charles W. Hull, who in 1984 filed a patent for a system for generating three-dimensional objects by creating a cross-sectional pattern of the object to be formed (Patent US4575330). In recent years, 3D printing has been employed by governments, manufacturers, and a select group of private users. The process of three-dimensional printing is controlled entirelyRead MoreExploring 3d Printing1053 Words   |  5 Pages1) TOPIC a) 3D Printing 2) GROUP A MEMBERS b) Colette Davis: Team Lead c) Ryan Cornell: Assistant Team Lead/ Research amp; Writing d) Tess Bayne: Research amp; Writing e) Kimberly Brooks: Research amp; Writing f) Lindsay Clark: Research amp; Writing 3) THESIS STATEMENT g) 3D printing could potentially change the world as we know it. Through further research and development, this technology has the potential to save lives through medicalRead MoreEssay On 3d Printing1121 Words   |  5 PagesPrinting a New Future: The Revolutionary Applications of 3-Dimensional Printing Picture this, almost out of thin air, what resembles the sole of a shoe starts to materialize from a viscous pool of liquid polymer. This isn’t a scene from a sci-fi movie, it is actually the future of manufacturing. The athletic wear company, Adidas, has already started using 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, in their two new highly automated factories. Flashback to the 1980s, invented by Charles HullRead More3d Printing Has A Reputation For Being A Greener Method Of Manufacturing1651 Words   |  7 Pages 3D printing has a reputation for being a greener method of manufacturing, then the conventional factory methods that, up until now, have traditionally been used. But that is not necessarily the case. There are heavily spammed myths that are used as a catalyst to speed up the ever growing industry that is 3D printing. 3D printing does not mean zero waste, there are many different types of 3D printers that all construct pieces in different ways. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) machines, a consumerRead More3d Printing Of Care And Patient Outcomes1029 Words   |  5 Pages3D Printing in Healthcare All throughout the world there are constant technological innovations. As time progresses, more inventions come about and alter our lives. Since the industrial revolution we as a nation have had plenty of technological advances that have impacted our lives. Healthcare is one of the most prominent and impactful systems in the world. Technology in healthcare can ultimately make a huge difference in the performance of care and patient outcomes. One recently new innovation inRead MoreNegatives And Negatives Of 3d Printing1422 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout much of history, third dimensional printing was seen as something so technologically advanced that it only existed in science fiction. With technology undergoing constant developments and advancements, it comes as no surprise that innovators have pushed the limits and have made incredible breakthroughs in regard to 3D Printing. We see the strides that the technology industry makes with the yearly introduction of new cellphones, cars, and electronics that comes with the latest technologyRead MoreThe Development And Challenge Of 3d Printing1294 Words   |  6 Pagesand Challenge of 3D Printing Introduction In recent years 3D printing arouses focus of public with appearing in a huge number of areas. In this essay, it will describe 3D printing which is one important application of rapid prototyping. Rapid prototyping (RP) is general for several techniques, which read in data from computer-aided design (CAD) drawings and manufacture automatically three-dimensional objects layer-by-layer according to the virtual design (Sanna 2008). 3D printing also known as additiveRead MoreThe History Of Laser Based Printing1175 Words   |  5 Pagesfield of 3D laser-based printing is revolutionizing the efficiency the world operates at. Primary process such as selective laser sintering (SLS) and selective laser melting (SLM) will be proven to illustrate the impact they are having on world industry. Applications of 3D Laser-based printing allows the completion of complex geometries to assist in aerospace, biomedical and much more. Laser-based printing dates back to the late 1980’s with the first commercially produced 3D printer (SLA-1, 3D systems)Read MoreHelping The Elderly. Density Of Food853 Words   |  4 Pages HELPING THE ELDERLY Density of food is a major factor to those who have trouble eating, like injured soldiers or the elderly. PERonalized Food using Rapid Manufacturing for the Nutrition of elderly ConsumErs (a.k.a. PERFORMANCE) is a project for which the goal is to produce personalized meals by 3D printing that are both nutritious and appealing. The project cost more than $4 million dollars to complete, but PERFORMANCE now has a plan to help the elderly. Each elderly person in a residence

How does media influence fear within a society Free Essay Example, 2000 words

Those settled in the urban areas experience more fear of crime caused by the mass media because they often spend most of their time watching television compared to rural residents who spend most of their time working in their farming fields. Another vital aspect is whether the audience has direct casualty experience or share characteristic with the victims of crime. Media sources will be more meaningful to the society when direct experience they get from the public does not affect the public negatively (Gunter 267-270). There is also the indication that the media through the coverage of tough issues such as sexual assault and murder impact more fear to the listeners and viewerscompared with minor issues involving less crime that are covered by the media. Therefore, media influences public to make crime choices from the mentality the have that is created in them by the media. Although viewing the television is intended to have pleasure to the viewers, it fails to has a direct, consid erable effect on fear of crime especially when brings programs showing crimes. As a result of increased fear of crime by mass media to the public, we can observe that public fear and anxiety for crime is inseparable with the public pressure resulting from mass media and aim for the solutions to crime problems. When news from the media appear urgent covering about crime, they control a negatively and ineffectual perception of the viewer and hence can influence fear factor in him or her. Moreover, frequent viewing and more enjoyment of reality-based crime shows through the media hold acorrectiveinsolence while frequent and more enjoyment of fictional crime shows are not related to holding correctiveinsolences and it contributes to punitive attitude (Surette, 1998). Public Perception on Law Enforcers In a normal situation, public attitude towards police is generally positive. We will write a custom essay sample on How does media influence fear within a society or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now However, a few studies show that the media has a certain level of influence on public rating of police effectiveness. For example, media portray law enforcers to be deployed in a crime scene or as maintenance of law and order where there is crime. Fictional television dramas such as a movie portrays police as heroic, professional crime fighters through exaggerate number of offenses that result in arrest. These exaggerated numbers of the offences has an influence to movie viewers and views the real society is subjected to many crimes through the fiction view of many offences that result to arrest in the movie. On the other hand, increase deployment of police is symbolized with the increased rate of crimes and law enforcers are there to provide security a notion that is developed by the public on matters concerning crime.

Persuasive Essay Ineffective Physics - 999 Words

Ineffective Physics Worksheet Most of the teachers follow a new style of teaching, which requires students to work in groups in order to benefit from each other. However, this style can be ineffective if the text that is provided to each group does not have clearly stated guidelines. It also can be ineffective if it does not specify who should work with whom, especially in science classes where the abilities of one person varies from another. In most of these cases, one or two of the members take the responsibility for an entire assignment. As a result, some students will not receive the grades that they deserve and the whole group will not achieve the maximum benefit. An example of one of the texts that addresses this problem is a physics worksheet. This worksheet is provided to students in the discussion section of the physics class. It usually contains two to three problems related to the material that was covered by the Professor in the previous lectures. Students are required to work in groups and turn in one worksheet that represents the whole group at the end of the class. This worksheet turns out to be ineffective in communicating the goal of the physics discussion section, which is providing assistance in understanding physics beside the lectures. The worksheet does not have any guidelines or instructions regarding the format of the work that should be done and turned in. Also, groups usually consist of four members and one worksheet is provided to each group. AShow MoreRelatedEssay on Silent Spring - Rachel Carson30092 Words   |  121 Pagesoffprint from Gales For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.  ©1998-2002;  ©2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design ® andRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesprobable good consequences of each action and the probable bad consequences while weighing the positive and negative impact of each consequence. It’s a kind of cost-benefit analysis. Exercises 1. Columbus Day is an American holiday. Write a short essay that weighs the pros and cons and then comes to a decision about whether there should be more or less public celebration (by Americans and their institutions) on Columbus Day, October 12. Here is some relevant background information to reduce yourRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesAnalysis section, you will find brief case histories that illustrate both effective and ineffective applications of the behavioral principles. The purpose of this section is to bridge the gap between intellectual understanding and behavioral application. Critiquing a manager’s performance in a real-life case enhances your understanding of the skill learning material. Each case provides a model of effective or ineffective performance and helps identify ways that the skill can be adapted to your personalRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication 341 †¢ Nonverbal Communication 341 Organizational Communication 342 Formal Small-Group Networks 343 †¢ The Grapevine 343 †¢ Electronic Communications 345 †¢ Managing Information 349 Choice of Commu nication Channel 350 xiv CONTENTS Persuasive Communications 351 Automatic and Controlled Processing 351 †¢ Interest Level 352 †¢ Prior Knowledge 352 †¢ Personality 352 †¢ Message Characteristics 352 Barriers to Effective Communication 353 Filtering 353 †¢ Selective Perception 353 †¢ InformationRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesThey are experts who know things other people do not and are just doing what has to be done. Thus, managerial prerogative – management’s right to manage together with the power and social standing that accompanies it – is morally supported by a persuasive claim to an expertise grounded in superior scientific knowledge. In turn, this knowledge depends upon the philosophical assumption (Figure 1.7) that such neutral access to reality is actually possible in the first place. So, as we noted earlierRead MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 Pagessubtle cunning, and in his role as messenger or herald is articulate and important to the conduct of affairs. His attitude is ironic and unsentimental We attribute many of these qualities to entrepreneurs. We see them as creative, opportunistic, persuasive, and freer spirits than the organizational man or woman. Empirical studies have found that many entrepreneurs conform to the characteristics of Mercury, being socially adroit, autonomous individuals with lower than average needs for affiliationRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagesfactors that make it more necessary than ever to systematically plan and develop library and information services? In thinking about the assignment, and before even reading articles and treatises on change, what are your initial reactions? Present a persuasive argument to the group as you break out into discussions on this theme. Such a dynamic environment provides new challenges and opportunities to revitalize and redefine organizations as well as reinvent information sources and services f or both growth

American Literature A Discussion Free Essays

American Literature has come a long way. It dates back as far as the pre-colonization-period America which is contrary to the current belief of almost everyone that English has always been the language in America. Although it was noted that â€Å"some fifty years after the political establishment of the United States, the concept of an American literature barely existed† (Delbanco), American literature did exist and is still existing. We will write a custom essay sample on American Literature: A Discussion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Literature as a communication involving some degree of emotional or aesthetic response is both an independent discipline and one of the tools of anthropology. The latter is a description and explanation of social behavior in every possible environment-from the primitive to the sophisticated-in every part of the world. (Dennis and Aycock 41) In this regard, looking at how literature emerged and how it evolved, identifies the kind of society and the kind of people living in a certain era. II. Evolution Era The discovery and/or development of a certain type of literature did not just happen in a flash. American Literature, the different types of it, sprouted in a seasoned manner. This means that there would not be political writings, or none of them would be popular, if there were no political issues looming around the corner. It is quite amusing to know that American writing (in English) started not as a seriously intended literary piece but as a work â€Å"chiefly for the benefit of readers in the mother country. † (â€Å"American Literature†). These were the English travelers and explorers who became Americans during those olden times, circa 1583 to 1763. Following is the timeline of the American Literature (Trent): 1. English Travelers and Explorers, 1583-1763 – retaining their own language as they travelled to America and became Americans while chiefly influencing the literature with this language: the heritage of the English race; 2. The Historians, 1607-1783 – this was the period of gentlemen adventurers writing about America’s colonies; 3. The Puritan Divines, 1620-1720 – again, Englishmen who gave their intellects to a strict scheme of doctrinaire theology, and gave up their freedom to the letter of the Hebraic Scriptures; 4. Edwards – was a special time when he, Edwards, inscribed a sequence of reflections, foundation to a great metaphysical discourse of his own; 5. Philosophers and Divines, 1720-1789 -a traditional categorization of the human ability giving reason for the American thought in the eighteenth century, which is believed to have led to the overthrow of high Calvinism: those who went after the intelligence were the rationalists, or deists; those who went after receptivity or sensibility were the â€Å"hot† men, or enthusiasts while those who went after the will were the moral or ethical reformers. 6. Colonial Newspapers and Magazines, 1704-1775 – the knowledge of and about Europe had erupted so commonly through colonial newspapers; 7. American Political Writing, 1760-1789 — this was the period of â€Å"storm and stress†, of â€Å"revolution and evolution†, bringing forth a literature dominated by politically-themed content. Most of the topics involved â€Å"the nature of the British constitution, the formulation of colonial rights, and the elaboration of schemes of government and administration†; 8. The Beginnings of Verse, 1610-1808- the beginning covered early colonial verse starting in 1610 while in 1700 it began with transition in purpose, subject, and style and later on during, the beginnings of nationalism that is related to the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 ending with the publication of Bryant’s Embargo in 1808. 9. Travellers and Observers, 1763-1846- this was the literature of travels, brand new, wide-ranging, and sophisticated, taking its magic from the sense of wonder; 10. The Early Drama, 1756-1860 –The American native drama, even though it antedated the novel and the short story, has arrived only during the latter half of the eighteenth century having Androborus in 1714, which was noted to be a satirical embarrassment. 11. Early Essayists-during this period the first essays that were in print in colonial newspapers were written with a cognizant ethical purpose. 12. The time of Washington Irving (April 3, 1783 – November 28, 1859)-a well-known American author, essayist, biographer and historian of the early 19th century who authored â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow† and â€Å"Rip Van Winkle†; 13. The time of Bryant – an American who has the gift of poetic genius, and writing verses that last; 14. Fiction/Novels-the moment for literary lies;† that they served no virtuous purpose; that they melted rigorous minds; that they crowded out better books; that they painted adventure too romantic and love too vehement, and so unfitted†¦Ã¢â‚¬  III. The Role of Printing Press Taking into consideration the lack of other means of publication those days, early American literature succeeded with the big help of the printing press. Some Americans even had an undying zeal for literary outputs that they were â€Å"stimulated by a desire to render Washington City as well the seat of literature as of government, a number of gentlemen have formed themselves into a ‘ Printing and Bookselling Company† (McMurtrie 266). It may appear funny but it is true. IV. Current Scenario Conclusion â€Å"Who in the four corners of the globe reads an American book? † (Edinburgh Review, cited Delbanco) Contrary to this insult, there are still the likes of Twain that many people all over the world know and many hunger for their literary pieces. Another noted American literary figure is Toni Morrison, a Nobel Prize awardee for literature. She is noted to be â€Å"a public intellectual, she’s influenced how we think about race and storytelling †¦ how we use language, what we do with language, how we keep language alive and well. â€Å"(â€Å"Toni Morrison Society Honors† 15). Thus, American Literature, no matter how it is being viewed, is sure to be existent, alive and persisting. Works Cited â€Å"American Literature. † The Columbia Encyclopedia. 6th ed. 2009. Questia. Web. 19 July 2010. Delbanco, Andrew. â€Å"American Literature: A Vanishing Subject?. † Daedalus 135. 2 (2006): 22+. Questia. Web. 19 July 2010. Dennis, Philip A. , and Wendell Aycock, eds. Literature and Anthropology. Lubbock, TX: Texas Tech University Press, 1989. Questia. Web. 19 July 2010. McMurtrie, Douglas C. A History of Printing in the United States: The Story of the Introduction of the Press and of Its History and Influence during the Pioneer Period in Each State of the Union. Vol. 2. New York: R. R. Bowker, 1936. Questia. Web. 19 July 2010. â€Å"Toni Morrison Society Honors Nobel Laureate with 70th Birthday Tribute. † Black Issues in Higher Education 29 Mar. 2001: 15. Questia. Web. 19 July 2010. Trent, William Peterfield, John Erskine, Stuart P. Sherman, and Carl Van Doren, eds. The Cambridge History of American Literature. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1917. Questia. Web. 19 July 2010. How to cite American Literature: A Discussion, Papers

Market Conceptual and Methodological Foundations †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Market Conceptual and Methodological Foundations. Answer: Introduction Based on the idea of selling submarine sandwiches the company has come a long way in establishing a worldwide brand. Peter Buck along with Fred DeLuca started the business of selling fresh made submarine sandwiches which were prepared in a made to order format. One of the most interesting facts about the company is that during the establishment of the company Peter Buck was just 17 years old (Subway.com 2018). The first store was opened in Bridgeport, Connecticut. From the very beginning of the venture the company has been following the three core principles which have now become a part of the organisation culture: Premium service to the customers High quality food at the most affordable price Ensure low operating cost and to continuously improve in order to develop the business (Subway.com 2018) Ever since with the help of these founding principles the company has come a long way in establishing a chain of restaurants all over the world. There are more than 4000 locations. The future aspirations of the company are to continue with the core values and principles that have established the venture (Subway.com 2018). The purpose of the assignment is to understand the dynamics of the market that Subway operates in so that the company can take strategic decisions accordingly. The assignment includes an analysis of the marketing strategies with the help of the concept of marketing mix that Subway incorporated in the process of strategic decision. It also includes the industry analysis of the company in order to understand the external business factors which impact the business. The task also includes recommendation that the company can use following the analysis of the industry and the market. Evolution of Marketing (LO1) Market orientation is the business model which is followed by an organisation where the focus is on the customers. The changing needs and requirements of the consumers are given precedence and decisions are made accordingly. The most important tool that is used in this orientation model is market research, this is the process by which the company employees to research the market in order to understand the perspective of the customers and determine what they require (Murray et al. 2011). The advantage of this process is that it creates a valuable relation with the customers as they feel connected with the company in the long run it helps the company create loyalty and trust (Kumar et al. 2011). On the other hand a disadvantage is that the process of conducting a market survey is an expensive investment, sometimes the company has resources to conduct the survey by themselves whereas there are times that the company have to hire third parties to do the survey (Kumar et al. 2011). Product orientation is the process by which the company takes decisions based on the value of creating products with the lowest possible cost (Jayaram et al. 2012). In order to satisfy the demand for the product the goal of the company is to continuously push products of high quality at low price. The focus is on providing the people with high quality products in order to attract the customers (Jayaram et al. 2012). The advantage is that the company can build a reputation of providing good quality products among the customers as well as other stakeholders (Jayaram et al. 2012). The disadvantage of the business model is during creating strategic decisions to gain competitive advantage as there may be other players in the market who can take way the advantage form the organisation by producing better quality lesser price product (Ngo and OCass 2012). Subway is an organisation that has been motivated in providing the customers with Sub sandwiches from the beginning of the venture. This indicates that the company runs on the product orientation business model. Subway has used this model to develop the sub sandwiches in a way that it has established as a generic term (Ngo and OCass 2012). The core values and principles that has been discussed above states that the company is focused on proving the customers with fresh high quality sandwiches, this is an example that states the product oriented approach of the company. Over the years the organisation has been producing only sub sandwiches which are made to order in front of the customer. The customers can choose the meat, veggies and the sauce of their choice to create a custom made sandwich for themselves (Ngo and OCass 2012). Another example that establishes the product oriented approach of subway is the fact that the company is focused on improving the service and the product with involvement of technology and easy serving techniques. The company keeps adding and deducting the variants of the filling that is offered and also develops variants based on the country of operation as well (Ngo and OCass 2012). Marketing Environments (LO 2 3) Every business operates under two environments internal and external, where the internal factors are under the control of the company, however the external factors are not. Therefore the management of the company has to determine the dynamics of the eternal environment in order to take effective strategic decisions (Brosche et al. 2013). Political factors such as stability of the government are essential in order to establish a business on the foreign grounds (Auzair 2011). As an American company the organisation has to analyze the foreign relation of the country of expansion while taking decisions. It is important to align the interest of the company along with the rules and regulations of the country of operation in order to develop valuable relations with the customers. Environmental factor such as adhering to the CSR regulations of the country is one of the major factors that impact the business and its decisions as the company has to take decisions where they can fulfill the responsibilities as well as make profit in the process. The complimentary products like napkins, cups, salad bowls, wrapping papers that Subway uses are in the green materials category (Auzair 2011). These items that the company uses are biodegradable grade and thus have less impact on the environment. With such responsible actions taken by the company also establishes goodwill among the customers as well as the other stakeholders (Auzair 2011). Marketing Strategies (LO3) Segmentation is the process by which the company identifies the target market of the products or services by dividing the population into four segments: demographic, geographic, psychographic and behavioural (Wedel and Kamakura 2012). It is important for the management of the company to segment the market in order to ensure effective marketing decisions (Wedel and Kamakura 2012). Psychographic segmentation is a part of market segmentation based on the personality of the customers. This helps in indentifying the customers of the product or service based on their principles and values, beliefs, lifestyle and their interest. These are the abstract aspect of an individual which impacts the buying behavior of the customer. For example: if a person is interested in living a healthy lifestyle then there are chances that they will choose to eating a sub sandwich over an unhealthy street food (Cleveland et al. 2011). Behavourial segmentation is the process by which the population of the target market is divided on the basis of their buying behaviour and patterns the factors that are included in the process is the frequency of use, loyalty towards the brand, benefits associated with the products or services. For example: if a person like the way subway creates a customized sandwich and is a loyal customer, they will chose the brand over any other fast food restaurant in the industry (Craft and Hassan 2015) Segmentation is the process by which the company analyses the market and establishes the effective strategic management decisions. Segmentation helps the company to define a growth potential market place. As resources are limited and the time is also under constraint a company has to narrow down the target market and this is the reason why the process has to be effective as well (Mihi? and Kursan 2010). In the current market scenario it is essential to segment the target market so that the companies can device decisions which will allow them to gain an edge over the competitions. Psychographic segmentation is the most valuable type of segmentation for subway, as an organisation that operates in the fast food industry, this segmentation will allow the company to have a better understanding of the customers and how they can improve their product to maintain a better quality (Wedel and Kamakura 2012). As the company is focused on the improving the product this segmentation will help to target the right people with the help of marketing decisions such as promotion and communication, price etc can be set accordingly in order to effectively build a valuable relation with the customer (Mihi? and Kursan 2010). Fast food is a product that is heavily dependent on the factors that are discussed as a part of the psychographic segmentation. For example: the interest of a person to explore various types of filling or a person who is a foodie will be interested in the brand rather than a person who is not interested in exploring food items (Craft and Hassan 2015). Marketing Mix (LO 1, 4, 5 6) The concept of marketing mix helps the company device decisions regarding the aspects of marketing. Traditionally there were 4Ps that were developed as marketing aspects: product, price, place and promotion. The contemporary version of the theory includes 7Ps. It is an important model that the management of the company can follow in order to keep up with the trends in the market. The marketing mix defines the way the company has placed the product in the market and therefore it is an important model as it is the way the company can connect with the end customer (Huang and Sarigll 2014). Product The product that the company offers the target market is a submarine sandwich that can be customized with the vegetables and filling of the choice that the customers want. Not only that the customers can also choose from an array of sauce to spice up the sandwich. The business model of the company is built on product orientation and therefore the company ensures that there is high quality in the process of service. From the inception of the venture the owner of the company has focused on keeping up with the quality of the food. There are salads and wraps apart from sandwiches, which can also be customized as per the requirements (Singh 2012). Apart from the restaurant services the company has also recently developed the catering service which targets, block parties, small events etc. the company offers several options and combinations for serving the client. Price The prices of the sandwiches are kept in an affordable range as the people who are targeted by the company are from the lower to medium income group. The company strives to provide the customers with high quality product with at the lowest price possible and focusing on the product has enabled the company to do so. The price of a 6 inch subway sandwich price in the US ranges from 3-6 $ (Subway.com 2018). This proves that the price range that the company targets is on the affordable range. The strategy that has been used is competitive pricing strategy as the prices of the products are set according to the trend in the market and the price point at which the competitors sell their products (Singh 2012). Place The products are available in the restaurant which is set up by the company; there are 4000 stores all over the world that sells the product to the customers (Subway.com 2018). However technology has enabled the company to reach out to the customers with the help of third party organisations who can deliver the food to the people using the digital platform. Not only that the company also has its own digital platform that allow the customers to order online (Singh 2012). Promotion mix is the process by which the company communicates with the customers directly or indirectly. There are various medium of communication that the company can use depending upon the message and the target market as well as the objective of communication. Organisations invent a lot of financial resource in promotion of the products so that they reach out to the customers. The objective of communication depends on the objective of the business. For example: if subway has decided to issue a discount on a special occasion, they will have to communicate the message to the customers and in order to do that they may use various medium. Television, radio, newspaper, magazine, pamphlet etc are some of the traditional tools of promotion. Digital media is the contemporary tool (Thackeray et al. 2012). In the video the elements that are used are the contemporary tool of promotion: digital media. Youtube is a social platform where any individual can upload audiovisual content this can be shared from one person to other using other social media platforms. The message that Subway wants to convey the customers is clear in a very creative audiovisual sequence (YouTube.com 2018). The video has been viewed 56,880 times as of 30th June 2018 (YouTube.com 2018). It has also been trending in other social media handles of Subway. The advantage is that it can be easily circulated among the target market and the disadvantage is that the medium banks upon internet connectivity. Television advertising: this is one of the major medium used by the company to engage with the customers and keep them informed regarding the company. OOH: Subway also uses out of home advertising in billboards, subways hoardings etc are used, this is an easy way to send the message across. Refer to the image in Appendix 1 (Emcoutdoor.com 2018). Social media: subway has social media presence in a number of platforms where the company can directly communicate with the customers. The key message that is in the video is MAKE IT WHAT YOU WANT. This describes the versatility of the product and the fact that it can be customized according to the preferences of the customer (YouTube.com 2018). The fast pace and the audio of the campaign is perfect for the message that the company is trying to convey. The target market in the video is young people who are energetic and have a passion to explore new things in life. This is the psychographic segmentation of the target market that is portrayed in the advertisement (Craft and Hassan 2015). These people are trendy and fashionable and lead a fast paced life; the people are looking for adventure and are also rebels in nature. The AIDA theory is used to analyze a communication campaign and determine the effectiveness of the project (Barry and Howard 1990). Attention The fast paced image and the rock beat music helps in getting the attention of the viewer immediately. Interest The words that are shown create interest with the collaboration with the imagery used. Desire The delicious ways in which the company portrays the food in the video creates desire. Action The actions will be completed when an individual will end up purchasing a sub after viewing the advertisement. Feedback is an essential part of communication especially in mass communication where the company conveys a message to the target market but it takes a long time to understand the impact or reach. The platform that has been chosen here is social media the company can enable the comments in order to receive immediate reaction and feedback (Thackeray et al. 2012). It can be concluded form the above discussion that the promotion mix of the company is well strategised and is also effective as the brand has not lost its popularity among the intense competition of the fast food market on an international level. Reference list: Auzair, S., 2011. The effect of business strategy and external environment on management control systems: a study of Malaysian hotels. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(13). Barry, T.E. and Howard, D.J., 1990. A review and critique of the hierarchy of effects in advertising. International Journal of Advertising, 9(2), pp.121-135. Brosche, M., Mayerle, J., Keil, U., Fessler, J. and Knospe, H., SAP SE, 2013. Incorporating external business process features into a scenario visualization or navigation tool. U.S. Patent Application 13/326,052. Cleveland, M., Papadopoulos, N. and Laroche, M., 2011. Identity, demographics, and consumer behaviors: International market segmentation across product categories. International Marketing Review, 28(3), pp.244-266. Craft, S.H. and Hassan, S.S., 2015. Global consumer market segmentation strategy decisions and managerial assessment of performance. In Revolution in Marketing: Market Driving Changes (pp. 26-30). Springer, Cham. Emcoutdoor.com., 2018. Subway still has a strong appetite for out of home! - Out-of-Home Advertising | EMC Outdoor. [online] Out-of-Home Advertising | EMC Outdoor. Available at: https://www.emcoutdoor.com/campaigns/2010/09/subway-still-has-a-strong-appetite-for-out-of-home/ [Accessed 30 Jun. 2018]. Huang, R. and Sarigll, E., 2014. How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. In Fashion Branding and Consumer Behaviors (pp. 113-132). Springer, New York, NY. Jayaram, J., Ahire, S., Nicolae, M. and Ataseven, C., 2012. The moderating influence of product orientation on coordination mechanisms in total quality management. International Journal of Quality Reliability Management, 29(5), pp.531-559. Kumar, V., Jones, E., Venkatesan, R. and Leone, R.P., 2011. Is market orientation a source of sustainable competitive advantage or simply the cost of competing?. Journal of marketing, 75(1), pp.16-30. Mihi?, M. and Kursan, I., 2010. Assessing the situational factors and impulsive buying behavior: Market segmentation approach. Management: journal of contemporary management issues, 15(2), pp.47-66. Murray, J.Y., Gao, G.Y. and Kotabe, M., 2011. Market orientation and performance of export ventures: the process through marketing capabilities and competitive advantages. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(2), pp.252-269. Ngo, L.V. and O'Cass, A., 2012. In search of innovation and customer?related performance superiority: The role of market orientation, marketing capability, and innovation capability interactions. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 29(5), pp.861-877. Singh, M., 2012. Marketing mix of 4Ps for competitive advantage. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 3(6), pp.40-45. Subway.com., 2018. The Subway Story. [online] subway.com. Available at: https://www.subway.com/en-us/aboutus/history [Accessed 30 Jun. 2018]. Thackeray, R., Neiger, B.L. and Keller, H., 2012. Integrating social media and social marketing: a four-step process. Health promotion practice, 13(2), pp.165-168. Wedel, M. and Kamakura, W.A., 2012. Market segmentation: Conceptual and methodological foundations (Vol. 8). Springer Science Business Media. YouTube.com., 2018. MAKE IT WHAT YOU WANT.. [online] YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lRzJ1mdkljQfeature=youtu.be [Accessed 30 Jun. 2018].

Historical Commentary on Devaluation of Art Times †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Historical Commentary on Devaluation of Art Times. Answer: Introduction: The composer of music in HUGO is Camille Saint-Sans. He was one of the most precocious French musicians ever existed in the 19th century. He begun piano lessons at the age of two and a half and composed his first melody at three. When he was seven years old, he studied Pierre Maledin. Upon reaching ten, he added another concert which included Beethoven`s third piano concert(Saint-Saens, 2012). He displayed the same characteristics of a genius in his studies since he learned languages and mathematics with ease(Stegemann Bilgin, 2O12). He married Marie Truffaut who was 19 years and this brought the saddest phase in his life. They were blessed with two children who died after six weeks following one another(Saint-Saens, 2013). The marriage came to an end in the year 1881.In these darkest days of his life, he was severely challenged and is the time when he came up with most of his work including: Danse macabre and Samson et Dalila. He remained very close to his mother who was not in for his marriage. The mother passed on in 1888 making the composer face another depression in his life(Saint-Saens, 2013). In the years that followed, he travelled and visited many places and hence making interests in Algeria and Egypt and then ended up writing Africa in 1891 and then his Piano Concerto no.5 called Egyptian(Saint-Saens, 2013). He later turned out to works which were related to the exotic places including the most enduring composition called symphony number 3.After the year 1890, Saint-Sans' melody was considered with condescension in his home country(Saint-Saens, 2012). In USA and England, he was known to be the France`s most famous and greatest composer of the century(Strasser, 2014). He faced a triumphant concert tour after he went to USA in 1915.he had remained attached to his dogs in the last two decades and appeared to be a loner to a big extent. He passed on in Algeria on 16th December 1921(Saint-Sans, 2012). The adaptation of Martin Scorsese of Brian Selznicks price winning Novel the invention of Hugo, as a boy who is orphaned and who lives with his uncle in a train station in Paris(Faur, 2012). He is sent to live with his uncle after the death of his father in a fire. He learns the tactics of wiping the clocks running throughout the station. His uncle disappears one of those fine days and then Hugo decides to keep the maintenance of the clock with hopes that nobody will catch him squatting in the station(Saint-Sans, 2012). He had a natural engineering amplitude which made him steal gears, tools and some other items from a toy shopkeeper who keeps maintenance of a storefront in this station(Gallois, 2013). Hugo needed those pieces to rebuild a mechanical man that was left under the eyes of the father at the museum (the restoration was the father and son project in common).when Ben kingsley who runs the toy stand caught on to the thievery, he warned that he would take Hugo to the nearest police officer who would without doubts sent Hugo to the nearest childrens orphanage just as he did to the other children who were orphans(CAMILLE, 2013). However, Hugos run in to the old man turns out to be a great friendship with the elderly mans goddaughter Isabelle, who has the last item needed by Hugo to make the mechanical man to come into functionality once more. Unlike any other movie that Martin Scorsese has ever made, Hugo is the closest one in his heart and the biggest budget, a family epic in 3-D and to some extent a mirror of his life. Here, there is a feeling that a great artist has been given the command of the resources and the tools with which he needs to make a movie about. He also makes it a fable to some children (if not all) hence measuring the feeling that went into it(Saint-Saens, 2013). The story of his hero Hugo Cabret is an own story of Scorsese. He was in Paris in his 30s and schooled himself in the working of mechanisms of an art. The latter runs in the family(Baumann, 2014). Hugos uncle is the overall boss in the clock at cavernous at the train station in Paris. The dream of his father lies under the completion of an automaton, an automated man that he found lying in the museum(Faur, 2012). However, he passes on and leaves his dream unfulfilled. Rather than being kept and treated as an orphan, the little boy hides himself in a made of ladders, catwalks, gears and passages of the clockwork themselves and keeps running just on time(Baumann, 2014). He feeds from the croissants that are snatched from the station shops and commences to sneak off to the movies. His life is made a little bit more complicated by an owner of a certain shop by the name Georges Melies, the old man`s character played by Ben Kingsley who is the immortal French film pioneer and the primary inventor of the automaton. Hugo does not have any idea concerning the latter(Gallois, 2013). The factual Mellies was a magician who made attempts to play tricks on his first movie to the audience. There is also a parallel asthmatic Scorsese who lives in Italy although not of it but observing life from the windows of his apartment building, soaking up the cinema from the television ,making an adoption of greater directors of his mentors and then rescuing their jobs after a couple of years of neglect(Faur, 2012). The method Hugo uses to deal with Melies is enchanting in itself. However, the films first half is devoted to the adventure of the young hero. There is also the usage of another technique to create the train station also the city(Gallois, 2013). The entrance swoops above the large city scape of Paris and then comes into an halt with Hugo peering out through an opening in the face of the clock which is far above the floor of the play station .We then follow this adventure of Dicken as he keeps a step ahead of the choleric station inspector(Saint-Saens, 2012) .Hugo makes it to escape back to his refuge behind the walls and above the stations ceiling. His father who is seen in flashbacks left behind notebooks which included part of his plans to finish the automaton. Hugo appears to be somewhat a genius with gears, springs and also levers. He is also a steampunk great work of the shining steel brass(Saint-Saens, 2013). Hugo shares his secrets one day with a girl named Isabelle who also resides in the station and was raised by Melies and his wife. They introduce one another to their secret lives as explored by the book. The two kids are mile apart from the goofballs in most family pictures(Saint-Saens, 2013). The coming out to befriend Isabella (a grandchild to the stallholder) is an indication of the collapse of both the private and public space in the human narrative(Saint-Saens, 2013).in the process of working towards the recovery of Hugos notebook which is confiscated and then the repair of the automaton, the two discover a piece that was forgotten in the film history(CAMILLE, 2013). What is seen by this film is slowly explained and revealed for the benefit of viewers and is extremely rewarding since it is based on a true story. The best scenes comes in the second part of the cinema whereby flashbacks are used to trace back the history and work of Georges Melies. Scorsese has made numerous documentaries concerning the great film and directors and this is whereby he brings the story telling with outstanding skills(Strasser, 2014). Melies is seen building the first fantastical set and bizarre costumes to come up with films that have magical effects. As the plot makes a handful connections, the hold man gets to discover that he is not overlooked but is honored as worthy of Pantheon. There are two images that resonate throughout Hugo: the clock and the automation. The continued constant tick tocks of the clock and the sound represent the period of change and progress between the world wars and the rush from the past(Stegemann Bilgin, 2O12). It also reminds of the risk of forgetting people, events that deserve a better recognition. The body of the automaton is a symbol of humanity that has been damaged ad made expendable by war. However, there is hope that technology can liberate to create world. Both of these images are a clear message that we are living in world where we can receive barrage of information and other sensory stimuli(Saint-Sans, 2012). In Hugo, Scorsese delivers a film that is a passionate and also a good reminder of the essential role that art should play in our culture and lives. Hugo also displays the joy of reading, an aspect that is fitting to the society in which we live(Saint-Saens, 2013). It has historical commentary on the devaluation of art times of economic hardship and the effects of war to the souls of a nation. Hugo celebrates the birth of the show and gives a drama on Scorsese`s individual cause, the old film preservation of the old films. In one of the given scenes and which is heartbreaking, we come to know that Melies had melted down many films when he was convinced that the celluloid they gave could be used in the manufacture of womens shoes(Saint-Saens, 2013). Work cited Baumann, E., 2014. Les grandes formes de la musique. s.l.:s.n. CAMILLE, S.-S., 2013. FRENCH CHANSONS: SAINT-SAENS, FAURE, DEBUSSY, FOR SATB AND SATB/PIANO. s.l.:s.n. Faur, G., 2012. Camille Saint-Sans. La revue musicale. s.l.:s.n. Gallois, J., 2013. Charles-Camille Saint-Sans. Mradga: s.n. Saint-Saens, C., 2012. Camille Saint-Saens. Astronomy. 33 ed. s.l.:s.n. Saint-Sans, C., 2012. Musical memories. Maynard: s.n. Saint-Sans, C., 2012. Outspoken Essays on Music. s.l.:Trubner Company, Limited.. Saint-Saens, C., 2012. Portraits and memories. s.l.:Art publishing company.. Saint-Saens, C., 2013. Harmony and melody . Calmann Levy.. s.l.:s.n. Saint-Saens, C., 2013. Truancy school: notes and memories . Lafitte. s.l.:s.n. Stegemann, M. Bilgin, O., 2O12. Camille Saint-Saens . Rowohlt.. s.l.:s.n. Strasser, M., 2014. Camille Saint-Sans. s.l.:s.n.